Gradient tungsten-doped Bi3TiNbO9 ferroelectric photocatalysts with additional built-in electric field for efficient overall water splitting

Jie Huang, Yuyang Kang, Jianan Liu, Tingting Yao, Jianhang Qiu, Peipei Du, Biaohong Huang, Weijin Hu, Yan Liang, Tengfeng Xie, Chunlin Chen, Li-Chang Yin, Lianzhou Wang, Hui-Ming Cheng and Gang Liu ()
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Jie Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yuyang Kang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jianan Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tingting Yao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jianhang Qiu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Peipei Du: Nanjing University
Biaohong Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Weijin Hu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yan Liang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tengfeng Xie: Jilin University
Chunlin Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Li-Chang Yin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lianzhou Wang: The University of Queensland
Hui-Ming Cheng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Gang Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Bi3TiNbO9, a layered ferroelectric photocatalyst, exhibits great potential for overall water splitting through efficient intralayer separation of photogenerated carriers motivated by a depolarization field along the in-plane a-axis. However, the poor interlayer transport of carriers along the out-of-plane c-axis, caused by the significant potential barrier between layers, leads to a high probability of carrier recombination and consequently results in low photocatalytic activity. Here, we have developed an efficient photocatalyst consisting of Bi3TiNbO9 nanosheets with a gradient tungsten (W) doping along the c-axis. This results in the generation of an additional electric field along the c-axis and simultaneously enhances the magnitude of depolarization field within the layers along the a-axis due to strengthened structural distortion. The combination of the built-in field along the c-axis and polarization along the a-axis can effectively facilitate the anisotropic migration of photogenerated electrons and holes to the basal {001} surface and lateral {110} surface of the nanosheets, respectively, enabling desirable spatial separation of carriers. Hence, the W-doped Bi3TiNbO9 ferroelectric photocatalyst with Rh/Cr2O3 cocatalyst achieves an efficient and durable overall water splitting feature, thereby providing an effective pathway for designing excellent layered ferroelectric photocatalysts.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43837-4

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