Strong and ductile high temperature soft magnets through Widmanstätten precipitates

Liuliu Han (), Fernando Maccari, Ivan Soldatov, Nicolas J. Peter, Isnaldi R. Souza Filho, Rudolf Schäfer, Oliver Gutfleisch, Zhiming Li () and Dierk Raabe ()
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Liuliu Han: Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
Fernando Maccari: Technical University of Darmstadt
Ivan Soldatov: IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials
Nicolas J. Peter: Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
Isnaldi R. Souza Filho: Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
Rudolf Schäfer: IFW Dresden, Institute for Metallic Materials
Oliver Gutfleisch: Technical University of Darmstadt
Zhiming Li: Central South University
Dierk Raabe: Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Fast growth of sustainable energy production requires massive electrification of transport, industry and households, with electrical motors as key components. These need soft magnets with high saturation magnetization, mechanical strength, and thermal stability to operate efficiently and safely. Reconciling these properties in one material is challenging because thermally-stable microstructures for strength increase conflict with magnetic performance. Here, we present a material concept that combines thermal stability, soft magnetic response, and high mechanical strength. The strong and ductile soft ferromagnet is realized as a multicomponent alloy in which precipitates with a large aspect ratio form a Widmanstätten pattern. The material shows excellent magnetic and mechanical properties at high temperatures while the reference alloy with identical composition devoid of precipitates significantly loses its magnetization and strength at identical temperatures. The work provides a new avenue to develop soft magnets for high-temperature applications, enabling efficient use of sustainable electrical energy under harsh operating conditions.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43953-1

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