Ultrafast THz probing of nonlocal orbital current in transverse multilayer metallic heterostructures

Sandeep Kumar and Sunil Kumar ()
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Sandeep Kumar: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Sunil Kumar: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract THz generation from femtosecond photoexcited spintronic heterostructures has become a versatile tool for investigating ultrafast spin-transport and transient charge-current in a non-contact and non-invasive manner. The equivalent effect from the orbital degree of freedom is still in the primitive stage. Here, we experimentally demonstrate orbital-to-charge current conversion in metallic heterostructures, consisting of a ferromagnetic layer adjacent to either a light or a heavy metal layer, through detection of the emitted THz pulses. Our temperature-dependent experiments help to disentangle the orbital and spin components that are manifested in the respective Hall-conductivities, contributing to THz emission. NiFe/Nb shows the strongest inverse orbital Hall effect with an experimentally extracted value of effective intrinsic Hall-conductivity, $${({\sigma }_{{SOH}}^{{{{{\mathrm{int}}}}}})}^{{eff}} \sim 195{\varOmega }^{-1}{{cm}}^{-1}$$ ( σ S O H int ) e f f ~ 195 Ω − 1 c m − 1 , while CoFeB/Pt shows maximum contribution from the inverse spin Hall effect. In addition, we observe a nearly ten-fold enhancement in the THz emission due to pronounced orbital-transport in W-insertion heavy metal layer in CoFeB/W/Ta heterostructure as compared to CoFeB/Ta bilayer counterpart.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43956-y

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