Non-identical moiré twins in bilayer graphene

Everton Arrighi, Viet-Hung Nguyen, Mario Di Luca, Gaia Maffione, Yuanzhuo Hong, Liam Farrar, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Dominique Mailly, Jean-Christophe Charlier and Rebeca Ribeiro-Palau ()
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Everton Arrighi: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Viet-Hung Nguyen: Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
Mario Di Luca: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Gaia Maffione: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Yuanzhuo Hong: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Liam Farrar: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Kenji Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
Takashi Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
Dominique Mailly: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)
Jean-Christophe Charlier: Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)
Rebeca Ribeiro-Palau: Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N)

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The superlattice obtained by aligning a monolayer graphene and boron nitride (BN) inherits from the hexagonal lattice a sixty degrees periodicity with the layer alignment. It implies that, in principle, the properties of the heterostructure must be identical for 0° and 60° of layer alignment. Here, we demonstrate, using dynamically rotatable van der Waals heterostructures, that the moiré superlattice formed in a bilayer graphene/BN has different electronic properties at 0° and 60° of alignment. Although the existence of these non-identical moiré twins is explained by different relaxation of the atomic structures for each alignment, the origin of the observed valley Hall effect remains to be explained. A simple Berry curvature argument is not sufficient to explain the 120° periodicity of this observation. Our results highlight the complexity of the interplay between mechanical and electronic properties in moiré structures and the importance of taking into account atomic structure relaxation to understand their electronic properties.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43965-x

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