Epigenetic modifications regulate cultivar-specific root development and metabolic adaptation to nitrogen availability in wheat

Hao Zhang, Zhiyuan Jin, Fa Cui, Long Zhao, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jinchao Chen, Jing Zhang, Yanyan Li, Yongpeng Li, Yanxiao Niu, Wenli Zhang, Caixia Gao, Xiangdong Fu, Yiping Tong, Lei Wang, Hong-Qing Ling (), Junming Li () and Jun Xiao ()
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Hao Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhiyuan Jin: Hebei Normal University
Fa Cui: Ludong University
Long Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaoyu Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jinchao Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jing Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanyan Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yongpeng Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanxiao Niu: Hebei Normal University
Wenli Zhang: Nanjing Agricultural University
Caixia Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiangdong Fu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yiping Tong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lei Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hong-Qing Ling: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Junming Li: Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling
Jun Xiao: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The breeding of crops with improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is crucial for sustainable agriculture, but the involvement of epigenetic modifications remains unexplored. Here, we analyze the chromatin landscapes of two wheat cultivars (KN9204 and J411) that differ in NUE under varied nitrogen conditions. The expression of nitrogen metabolism genes is closely linked to variation in histone modification instead of differences in DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications exhibit clear cultivar-specificity, which likely contributes to distinct agronomic traits. Additionally, low nitrogen (LN) induces H3K27ac and H3K27me3 to significantly enhance root growth in KN9204, while remarkably inducing NRT2 in J411. Evidence from histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment and transgenic plants with loss function of H3K27me3 methyltransferase shows that changes in epigenetic modifications could alter the strategy preference for root development or nitrogen uptake in response to LN. Here, we show the importance of epigenetic regulation in mediating cultivar-specific adaptation to LN in wheat.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44003-6

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