Physics-aware differentiable design of magnetically actuated kirigami for shape morphing

Liwei Wang, Yilong Chang, Shuai Wu, Ruike Renee Zhao and Wei Chen ()
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Liwei Wang: Northwestern University
Yilong Chang: Stanford University
Shuai Wu: Stanford University
Ruike Renee Zhao: Stanford University
Wei Chen: Northwestern University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Shape morphing that transforms morphologies in response to stimuli is crucial for future multifunctional systems. While kirigami holds great promise in enhancing shape-morphing, existing designs primarily focus on kinematics and overlook the underlying physics. This study introduces a differentiable inverse design framework that considers the physical interplay between geometry, materials, and stimuli of active kirigami, made by soft material embedded with magnetic particles, to realize target shape-morphing upon magnetic excitation. We achieve this by combining differentiable kinematics and energy models into a constrained optimization, simultaneously designing the cuts and magnetization orientations to ensure kinematic and physical feasibility. Complex kirigami designs are obtained automatically with unparalleled efficiency, which can be remotely controlled to morph into intricate target shapes and even multiple states. The proposed framework can be extended to accommodate various active systems, bridging geometry and physics to push the frontiers in shape-morphing applications, like flexible electronics and minimally invasive surgery.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44303-x

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