Single-cell multi-omics analysis of human testicular germ cell tumor reveals its molecular features and microenvironment

Xiaojian Lu, Yanwei Luo, Xichen Nie, Bailing Zhang, Xiaoyan Wang, Ran Li, Guangmin Liu, Qianyin Zhou, Zhizhong Liu, Liqing Fan, James M. Hotaling, Zhe Zhang (), Hao Bo () and Jingtao Guo ()
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Xiaojian Lu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanwei Luo: The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
Xichen Nie: University of Utah School of Medicine
Bailing Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaoyan Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ran Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangmin Liu: Central South University
Qianyin Zhou: Central South University
Zhizhong Liu: Central South University
Liqing Fan: Central South University
James M. Hotaling: University of Utah School of Medicine
Zhe Zhang: Peking University Third Hospital
Hao Bo: Central South University
Jingtao Guo: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Seminoma is the most common malignant solid tumor in 14 to 44 year-old men. However, its molecular features and tumor microenvironment (TME) is largely unexplored. Here, we perform a series of studies via genomics profiling (single cell multi-omics and spatial transcriptomics) and functional examination using seminoma samples and a seminoma cell line. We identify key gene expression programs share between seminoma and primordial germ cells, and further characterize the functions of TFAP2C in promoting tumor invasion and migration. We also identify 15 immune cell subtypes in TME, and find that subtypes with exhaustion features were located closer to the tumor region through combined spatial transcriptome analysis. Furthermore, we identify key pathways and genes that may facilitate seminoma disseminating beyond the seminiferous tubules. These findings advance our knowledge of seminoma tumorigenesis and produce a multi-omics atlas of in situ human seminoma microenvironment, which could help discover potential therapy targets for seminoma.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44305-9

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