Global increase in tropical cyclone ocean surface waves

Jian Shi, Xiangbo Feng, Ralf Toumi, Chi Zhang, Kevin I. Hodges, Aifeng Tao, Wei Zhang and Jinhai Zheng ()
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Jian Shi: Hohai University
Xiangbo Feng: University of Reading
Ralf Toumi: Imperial College London
Chi Zhang: Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University
Kevin I. Hodges: University of Reading
Aifeng Tao: Hohai University
Wei Zhang: Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University
Jinhai Zheng: Hohai University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract The long-term changes of ocean surface waves associated with tropical cyclones (TCs) are poorly observed and understood. Here, we present the global trend analysis of TC waves for 1979–2022 based on the ERA5 wave reanalysis. The maximum height and the area of the TC wave footprint in the six h reanalysis have increased globally by about 3%/decade and 6%/decade, respectively. The TC wave energy transferred at the interface from the atmosphere to the ocean has increased globally by about 9%/decade, which is three times larger than that reported for all waves. The global energy changes are mostly driven by the growing area of the wave footprint. Our study shows that the TC-associated wave hazard has increased significantly and these changes are larger than those of the TC maximum wind speed. This suggests that the wave hazard should be a concern in the future.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43532-4

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