Biotic homogenization, lower soil fungal diversity and fewer rare taxa in arable soils across Europe

Samiran Banerjee (), Cheng Zhao, Gina Garland, Anna Edlinger, Pablo García-Palacios, Sana Romdhane, Florine Degrune, David S. Pescador, Chantal Herzog, Lennel A. Camuy-Velez, Jordi Bascompte, Sara Hallin, Laurent Philippot, Fernando T. Maestre, Matthias C. Rillig and Marcel G. A. Heijden ()
Additional contact information
Samiran Banerjee: North Dakota State University
Cheng Zhao: ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions
Gina Garland: Plant-Soil Interactions Group
Anna Edlinger: Plant-Soil Interactions Group
Pablo García-Palacios: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
Sana Romdhane: University Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon
Florine Degrune: Institute of Biology
David S. Pescador: Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Chantal Herzog: Plant-Soil Interactions Group
Lennel A. Camuy-Velez: North Dakota State University
Jordi Bascompte: University of Zurich, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies
Sara Hallin: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology
Laurent Philippot: University Bourgogne Franche Comte, INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon
Fernando T. Maestre: Universidad de Alicante
Matthias C. Rillig: Institute of Biology
Marcel G. A. Heijden: Plant-Soil Interactions Group

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Soil fungi are a key constituent of global biodiversity and play a pivotal role in agroecosystems. How arable farming affects soil fungal biogeography and whether it has a disproportional impact on rare taxa is poorly understood. Here, we used the high-resolution PacBio Sequel targeting the entire ITS region to investigate the distribution of soil fungi in 217 sites across a 3000 km gradient in Europe. We found a consistently lower diversity of fungi in arable lands than grasslands, with geographic locations significantly impacting fungal community structures. Prevalent fungal groups became even more abundant, whereas rare groups became fewer or absent in arable lands, suggesting a biotic homogenization due to arable farming. The rare fungal groups were narrowly distributed and more common in grasslands. Our findings suggest that rare soil fungi are disproportionally affected by arable farming, and sustainable farming practices should protect rare taxa and the ecosystem services they support.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44073-6

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