Orbital-flop transition of superfluid 3He in anisotropic silica aerogel

M. D. Nguyen (), Joshua Simon, J. W. Scott, A. M. Zimmerman, Y. C. Cincia Tsai and W. P. Halperin ()
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M. D. Nguyen: Northwestern University
Joshua Simon: Northwestern University
J. W. Scott: Northwestern University
A. M. Zimmerman: Northwestern University
Y. C. Cincia Tsai: Northwestern University
W. P. Halperin: Northwestern University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Superfluid 3He is a paradigm for odd-parity Cooper pairing, ranging from neutron stars to uranium-based superconducting compounds. Recently it has been shown that 3He, imbibed in anisotropic silica aerogel with either positive or negative strain, preferentially selects either the chiral A-phase or the time-reversal-symmetric B-phase. This control over basic order parameter symmetry provides a useful model for understanding imperfect unconventional superconductors. For both phases, the orbital quantization axis is fixed by the direction of strain. Unexpectedly, at a specific temperature Tx, the orbital axis flops by 90∘, but in reverse order for A and B-phases. Aided by diffusion limited cluster aggregation simulations of anisotropic aerogel and small angle X-ray measurements, we are able to classify these aerogels as either “planar" and “nematic" concluding that the orbital-flop is caused by competition between short and long range structures in these aerogels.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44557-5

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