Engineering metal-carbide hydrogen traps in steels

Pang-Yu Liu, Boning Zhang, Ranming Niu, Shao-Lun Lu, Chao Huang, Maoqiu Wang, Fuyang Tian, Yong Mao, Tong Li, Patrick A. Burr, Hongzhou Lu, Aimin Guo, Hung-Wei Yen (), Julie M. Cairney (), Hao Chen () and Yi-Sheng Chen ()
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Pang-Yu Liu: The University of Sydney
Boning Zhang: Tsing Hua University
Ranming Niu: The University of Sydney
Shao-Lun Lu: The University of Sydney
Chao Huang: The University of Sydney
Maoqiu Wang: Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Company Limited
Fuyang Tian: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Yong Mao: School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University
Tong Li: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Patrick A. Burr: University of New South Wales
Hongzhou Lu: CITIC Metal Co.
Aimin Guo: CITIC Metal Co.
Hung-Wei Yen: National Taiwan University
Julie M. Cairney: The University of Sydney
Hao Chen: Tsing Hua University
Yi-Sheng Chen: The University of Sydney

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Hydrogen embrittlement reduces the durability of the structural steels required for the hydrogen economy. Understanding how hydrogen interacts with the materials plays a crucial role in managing the embrittlement problems. Theoretical models have indicated that carbon vacancies in metal carbide precipitates are effective hydrogen traps in steels. Increasing the number of carbon vacancies in individual metal carbides is important since the overall hydrogen trapping capacity can be leveraged by introducing abundant metal carbides in steels. To verify this concept, we compare a reference steel containing titanium carbides (TiCs), which lack carbon vacancies, with an experimental steel added with molybdenum (Mo), which form Ti-Mo carbides comprising more carbon vacancies than TiCs. We employ theoretical and experimental techniques to examine the hydrogen trapping behavior of the carbides, demonstrating adding Mo alters the hydrogen trapping mechanism, enabling hydrogen to access carbon vacancy traps within the carbides, leading to an increase in trapping capacity.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45017-4

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