Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of pyrophosphate with sp³-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes

Simon Settele, C. Alexander Schrage, Sebastian Jung, Elena Michel, Han Li, Benjamin S. Flavel, A. Stephen K. Hashmi, Sebastian Kruss () and Jana Zaumseil ()
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Simon Settele: Universität Heidelberg
C. Alexander Schrage: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Sebastian Jung: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Elena Michel: Universität Heidelberg
Han Li: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Benjamin S. Flavel: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
A. Stephen K. Hashmi: Universität Heidelberg
Sebastian Kruss: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Jana Zaumseil: Universität Heidelberg

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Inorganic pyrophosphate is a key molecule in many biological processes from DNA synthesis to cell metabolism. Here we introduce sp3-functionalized (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with red-shifted defect emission as near-infrared luminescent probes for the optical detection and quantification of inorganic pyrophosphate. The sensing scheme is based on the immobilization of Cu2+ ions on the SWNT surface promoted by coordination to covalently attached aryl alkyne groups and a triazole complex. The presence of Cu2+ ions on the SWNT surface causes fluorescence quenching via photoinduced electron transfer, which is reversed by copper-complexing analytes such as pyrophosphate. The differences in the fluorescence response of sp3-defect to pristine nanotube emission enables reproducible ratiometric measurements in a wide concentration window. Biocompatible, phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-coated SWNTs with such sp3 defects are employed for the detection of pyrophosphate in cell lysate and for monitoring the progress of DNA synthesis in a polymerase chain reaction. This robust ratiometric and near-infrared luminescent probe for pyrophosphate may serve as a starting point for the rational design of nanotube-based biosensors.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45052-1

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