A fast ceramic mixed OH−/H+ ionic conductor for low temperature fuel cells

Peimiao Zou, Dinu Iuga, Sanliang Ling, Alex J. Brown, Shigang Chen, Mengfei Zhang, Yisong Han, A. Dominic Fortes, Christopher M. Howard and Shanwen Tao ()
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Peimiao Zou: University of Warwick
Dinu Iuga: University of Warwick
Sanliang Ling: University of Nottingham
Alex J. Brown: University of Warwick
Shigang Chen: University of Warwick
Mengfei Zhang: University of Warwick
Yisong Han: University of Warwick
A. Dominic Fortes: Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
Christopher M. Howard: Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
Shanwen Tao: University of Warwick

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-20

Abstract: Abstract Low temperature ionic conducting materials such as OH− and H+ ionic conductors are important electrolytes for electrochemical devices. Here we show the discovery of mixed OH−/H+ conduction in ceramic materials. SrZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ exhibits a high ionic conductivity of approximately 0.01 S cm−1 at 90 °C in both water and wet air, which has been demonstrated by direct ammonia fuel cells. Neutron diffraction confirms the presence of OD bonds in the lattice of deuterated SrZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ. The OH− ionic conduction of CaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ in water was demonstrated by electrolysis of both H218O and D2O. The ionic conductivity of CaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ in 6 M KOH solution is around 0.1 S cm−1 at 90 °C, 100 times higher than that in pure water, indicating increased OH− ionic conductivity with a higher concentration of feed OH− ions. Density functional theory calculations suggest the diffusion of OH− ions relies on oxygen vacancies and temporarily formed hydrogen bonds. This opens a window to discovering new ceramic ionic conducting materials for near ambient temperature fuel cells, electrolysers and other electrochemical devices.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45060-1

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