A nanoparticle-based sonodynamic therapy reduces Helicobacter pylori infection in mouse without disrupting gut microbiota

Tao Liu, Shuang Chai, Mingyang Li, Xu Chen, Yutao Xie, Zehui Zhao, Jingjing Xie, Yunpeng Yu, Feng Gao, Feng Zhu and Lihua Yang ()
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Tao Liu: University of Science and Technology of China
Shuang Chai: University of Science and Technology of China
Mingyang Li: University of Science and Technology of China
Xu Chen: University of Science and Technology of China
Yutao Xie: University of Science and Technology of China
Zehui Zhao: University of Science and Technology of China
Jingjing Xie: University of Science and Technology of China
Yunpeng Yu: University of Science and Technology of China
Feng Gao: University of Science and Technology of China
Feng Zhu: University of Science and Technology of China
Lihua Yang: University of Science and Technology of China

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-19

Abstract: Abstract Infection by Helicobacter pylori, a prevalent global pathogen, currently requires antibiotic-based treatments, which often lead to antimicrobial resistance and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Here, we develop a non-antibiotic approach using sonodynamic therapy mediated by a lecithin bilayer-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticle preloaded with verteporfin, Ver-PLGA@Lecithin, in conjunction with localized ultrasound exposure of a dosage permissible for ultrasound medical devices. This study reveals dual functionality of Ver-PLGA@Lecithin. It effectively neutralizes vacuolating cytotoxin A, a key virulence factor secreted by H. pylori, even in the absence of ultrasound. When coupled with ultrasound exposure, it inactivates H. pylori by generating reactive oxygen species, offering a potential solution to overcome antimicrobial resistance. In female mouse models bearing H. pylori infection, this sonodynamic therapy performs comparably to the standard triple therapy in reducing gastric infection. Significantly, unlike the antibiotic treatments, the sonodynamic therapy does not negatively disrupt gut microbiota, with the only major impact being upregulation of Lactobacillus, which is a bacterium widely used in yogurt products and probiotics. This study presents a promising alternative to the current antibiotic-based therapies for H. pylori infection, offering a reduced risk of antimicrobial resistance and minimal disturbance to the gut microbiota.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45156-8

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