Room-temperature sub-100 nm Néel-type skyrmions in non-stoichiometric van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3-xGaTe2 with ultrafast laser writability

Zefang Li, Huai Zhang, Guanqi Li, Jiangteng Guo, Qingping Wang, Ying Deng, Yue Hu, Xuange Hu, Can Liu, Minghui Qin, Xi Shen, Richeng Yu, Xingsen Gao, Zhimin Liao, Junming Liu, Zhipeng Hou (), Yimei Zhu () and Xuewen Fu ()
Additional contact information
Zefang Li: Nankai University
Huai Zhang: South China Normal University
Guanqi Li: Guangdong University of Technology
Jiangteng Guo: Nankai University
Qingping Wang: Aba Teachers University
Ying Deng: Nankai University
Yue Hu: Nankai University
Xuange Hu: Nankai University
Can Liu: Nankai University
Minghui Qin: South China Normal University
Xi Shen: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Richeng Yu: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xingsen Gao: South China Normal University
Zhimin Liao: Peking University
Junming Liu: South China Normal University
Zhipeng Hou: South China Normal University
Yimei Zhu: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton
Xuewen Fu: Nankai University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Realizing room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in two-dimensional van der Waals ferromagnets offers unparalleled prospects for future spintronic applications. However, due to the intrinsic spin fluctuations that suppress atomic long-range magnetic order and the inherent inversion crystal symmetry that excludes the presence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, achieving room-temperature skyrmions in 2D magnets remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we target room-temperature 2D magnet Fe3GaTe2 and unveil that the introduction of iron-deficient into this compound enables spatial inversion symmetry breaking, thus inducing a significant Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction that brings about room-temperature Néel-type skyrmions with unprecedentedly small size. To further enhance the practical applications of this finding, we employ a homemade in-situ optical Lorentz transmission electron microscopy to demonstrate ultrafast writing of skyrmions in Fe3-xGaTe2 using a single femtosecond laser pulse. Our results manifest the Fe3-xGaTe2 as a promising building block for realizing skyrmion-based magneto-optical functionalities.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45310-2

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