The gut microbiome-prostate cancer crosstalk is modulated by dietary polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids

Gabriel Lachance, Karine Robitaille, Jalal Laaraj, Nikunj Gevariya, Thibault V. Varin, Andrei Feldiorean, Fanny Gaignier, Isabelle Bourdeau Julien, Hui Wen Xu, Tarek Hallal, Jean-François Pelletier, Sidki Bouslama, Nadia Boufaied, Nicolas Derome, Alain Bergeron, Leigh Ellis, Ciriaco A. Piccirillo, Frédéric Raymond, Yves Fradet, David P. Labbé, André Marette and Vincent Fradet ()
Additional contact information
Gabriel Lachance: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Karine Robitaille: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Jalal Laaraj: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Nikunj Gevariya: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Thibault V. Varin: Centre de recherche de l’IUCPQ
Andrei Feldiorean: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
Fanny Gaignier: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Isabelle Bourdeau Julien: health and society of Université Laval
Hui Wen Xu: Université Laval
Tarek Hallal: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
Jean-François Pelletier: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Sidki Bouslama: Université Laval
Nadia Boufaied: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
Nicolas Derome: Université Laval
Alain Bergeron: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
Leigh Ellis: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc.
Ciriaco A. Piccirillo: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
Frédéric Raymond: health and society of Université Laval
Yves Fradet: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval
David P. Labbé: Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
André Marette: Centre de recherche de l’IUCPQ
Vincent Fradet: Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The gut microbiota modulates response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, but whether it influences PCa progression remains unknown. Here, we show a reduction in fecal microbiota alpha-diversity correlating with increase tumour burden in two distinct groups of hormonotherapy naïve PCa patients and three murine PCa models. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from patients with high PCa volume is sufficient to stimulate the growth of mouse PCa revealing the existence of a gut microbiome-cancer crosstalk. Analysis of gut microbial-related pathways in mice with aggressive PCa identifies three enzymes responsible for the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). Supplementation with LCFA omega-3 MAG-EPA is sufficient to reduce PCa growth in mice and cancer up-grading in pre-prostatectomy PCa patients correlating with a reduction of gut Ruminococcaceae in both and fecal butyrate levels in PCa patients. This suggests that the beneficial effect of omega-3 rich diet is mediated in part by modulating the crosstalk between gut microbes and their metabolites in men with PCa.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45332-w

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