Host association and intracellularity evolved multiple times independently in the Rickettsiales

Michele Castelli, Tiago Nardi, Leandro Gammuto, Greta Bellinzona, Elena Sabaneyeva, Alexey Potekhin, Valentina Serra, Giulio Petroni () and Davide Sassera ()
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Michele Castelli: University of Pavia
Tiago Nardi: University of Pavia
Leandro Gammuto: University of Pisa
Greta Bellinzona: University of Pavia
Elena Sabaneyeva: Saint Petersburg State University
Alexey Potekhin: Saint Petersburg State University
Valentina Serra: University of Pisa
Giulio Petroni: University of Pisa
Davide Sassera: University of Pavia

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract The order Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) encompasses multiple diverse lineages of host-associated bacteria, including pathogens, reproductive manipulators, and mutualists. Here, in order to understand how intracellularity and host association originated in this order, and whether they are ancestral or convergently evolved characteristics, we built a large and phylogenetically-balanced dataset that includes de novo sequenced genomes and a selection of published genomic and metagenomic assemblies. We perform detailed functional reconstructions that clearly indicates “late” and parallel evolution of obligate host-association in different Rickettsiales lineages. According to the depicted scenario, multiple independent horizontal acquisitions of transporters led to the progressive loss of biosynthesis of nucleotides, amino acids and other metabolites, producing distinct conditions of host-dependence. Each clade experienced a different pattern of evolution of the ancestral arsenal of interaction apparatuses, including development of specialised effectors involved in the lineage-specific mechanisms of host cell adhesion and/or invasion.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45351-7

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