Optimizing potassium polysulfides for high performance potassium-sulfur batteries

Wanqing Song, Xinyi Yang, Tao Zhang, Zechuan Huang, Haozhi Wang (), Jie Sun, Yunhua Xu, Jia Ding () and Wenbin Hu ()
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Wanqing Song: Tianjin University
Xinyi Yang: Tianjin University
Tao Zhang: Tianjin University
Zechuan Huang: Tianjin University
Haozhi Wang: Tianjin University
Jie Sun: Tianjin University
Yunhua Xu: Tianjin University
Jia Ding: Tianjin University
Wenbin Hu: Tianjin University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Potassium-sulfur batteries attract tremendous attention as high-energy and low-cost energy storage system, but achieving high utilization and long-term cycling of sulfur remains challenging. Here we show a strategy of optimizing potassium polysulfides for building high-performance potassium-sulfur batteries. We design the composite of tungsten single atom and tungsten carbide possessing potassium polysulfide migration/conversion bi-functionality by theoretical screening. We create two ligand environments for tungsten in the metal-organic framework, which respectively transmute into tungsten single atom and tungsten carbide nanocrystals during pyrolysis. Tungsten carbide provide catalytic sites for potassium polysulfides conversion, while tungsten single atoms facilitate sulfides migration thereby significantly alleviating the insulating sulfides accumulation and the associated catalytic poisoning. Resultantly, highly efficient potassium-sulfur electrochemistry is achieved under high-rate and long-cycling conditions. The batteries deliver 89.8% sulfur utilization (1504 mAh g−1), superior rate capability (1059 mAh g−1 at 1675 mA g−1) and long lifespan of 200 cycles at 25 °C. These advances enlighten direction for future KSBs development.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45405-w

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