Monitoring ocean currents during the passage of Typhoon Muifa using optical-fiber distributed acoustic sensing

Jianmin Lin (), Sunke Fang, Runjing He, Qunshu Tang, Fengzhong Qu, Baoshan Wang () and Wen Xu ()
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Jianmin Lin: Zhejiang University
Sunke Fang: Zhejiang University
Runjing He: Zhejiang University
Qunshu Tang: Zhejiang University
Fengzhong Qu: Zhejiang University
Baoshan Wang: University of Science and Technology of China
Wen Xu: Zhejiang University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract In situ observations under typhoon conditions are sparse and limited. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is an emerging technology that uses submarine optical-fiber (OF) cables to monitor the sea state. Here, we present DAS-based ocean current observations when a super typhoon passed overhead. The microseismic noise induced by ocean surface gravity waves (OSGWs) during Typhoon Muifa (2022) is observed in the ~0.08–0.38 Hz frequency band, with high-frequency (>0.3 Hz) component being tidally modulated. The OSGW propagation along the entire cable is successfully revealed via frequency–wavenumber analysis. Further, a method based on the current-induced Doppler shifts of DAS-recorded OSGW dispersions is proposed to calculate both speeds and directions of horizontal ocean currents. The measured current is consistent with the tidally induced sea-level fluctuations and sea-surface winds observed at a nearby ocean buoy. These observations demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring the ocean current under typhoon conditions using DAS-instrumented cables.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45412-x

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