Challenging thermodynamics: combining immiscible elements in a single-phase nano-ceramic

Shuo Liu, Chaochao Dun (), Qike Jiang, Zhengxi Xuan, Feipeng Yang, Jinghua Guo, Jeffrey J. Urban () and Mark T. Swihart ()
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Shuo Liu: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Chaochao Dun: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Qike Jiang: Westlake University
Zhengxi Xuan: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
Feipeng Yang: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Jinghua Guo: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Jeffrey J. Urban: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Mark T. Swihart: University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The Hume-Rothery rules governing solid-state miscibility limit the compositional space for new inorganic material discovery. Here, we report a non-equilibrium, one-step, and scalable flame synthesis method to overcome thermodynamic limits and incorporate immiscible elements into single phase ceramic nanoshells. Starting from prototype examples including (NiMg)O, (NiAl)Ox, and (NiZr)Ox, we then extend this method to a broad range of Ni-containing ceramic solid solutions, and finally to general binary combinations of elements. Furthermore, we report an “encapsulated exsolution” phenomenon observed upon reducing the metastable porous (Ni0.07Al0.93)Ox to create ultra-stable Ni nanoparticles embedded within the walls of porous Al2O3 nanoshells. This nanoconfined structure demonstrated high sintering resistance during 640 h of catalysis of CO2 reforming of methane, maintaining constant 96% CH4 and CO2 conversion at 800 °C and dramatically outperforming conventional catalysts. Our findings could greatly expand opportunities to develop novel inorganic energy, structural, and functional materials.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45413-w

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