Synergistic-potential engineering enables high-efficiency graphene photodetectors for near- to mid-infrared light

Hao Jiang, Jintao Fu, Jingxuan Wei, Shaojuan Li, Changbin Nie, Feiying Sun, Qing Yang Steve Wu, Mingxiu Liu, Zhaogang Dong (), Xingzhan Wei (), Weibo Gao () and Cheng-Wei Qiu ()
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Hao Jiang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jintao Fu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jingxuan Wei: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Shaojuan Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Changbin Nie: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Feiying Sun: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qing Yang Steve Wu: Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Mingxiu Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhaogang Dong: Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Xingzhan Wei: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Weibo Gao: Nanyang Technological University
Cheng-Wei Qiu: National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract High quantum efficiency and wide-band detection capability are the major thrusts of infrared sensing technology. However, bulk materials with high efficiency have consistently encountered challenges in integration and operational complexity. Meanwhile, two-dimensional (2D) semimetal materials with unique zero-bandgap structures are constrained by the bottleneck of intrinsic quantum efficiency. Here, we report a near-mid infrared ultra-miniaturized graphene photodetector with configurable 2D potential well. The 2D potential well constructed by dielectric structures can spatially (laterally and vertically) produce a strong trapping force on the photogenerated carriers in graphene and inhibit their recombination, thereby improving the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and photogain of the device with wavelength-immunity, which enable a high responsivity of 0.2 A/W–38 A/W across a broad infrared detection band from 1.55 to 11 µm. Thereafter, a room-temperature detectivity approaching 1 × 109 cm Hz1/2 W−1 is obtained under blackbody radiation. Furthermore, a synergistic effect of electric and light field in the 2D potential well enables high-efficiency polarization-sensitive detection at tunable wavelengths. Our strategy opens up alternative possibilities for easy fabrication, high-performance and multifunctional infrared photodetectors.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45498-3

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