In-vivo integration of soft neural probes through high-resolution printing of liquid electronics on the cranium

Young-Geun Park, Yong Won Kwon, Chin Su Koh, Enji Kim, Dong Ha Lee, Sumin Kim, Jongmin Mun, Yeon-Mi Hong, Sanghoon Lee, Ju-Young Kim, Jae-Hyun Lee, Hyun Ho Jung (), Jinwoo Cheon (), Jin Woo Chang () and Jang-Ung Park ()
Additional contact information
Young-Geun Park: Yonsei University
Yong Won Kwon: Yonsei University
Chin Su Koh: Yonsei University College of Medicine
Enji Kim: Yonsei University
Dong Ha Lee: Yonsei University
Sumin Kim: Yonsei University
Jongmin Mun: Yonsei University
Yeon-Mi Hong: Yonsei University
Sanghoon Lee: Yonsei University
Ju-Young Kim: Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
Jae-Hyun Lee: Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
Hyun Ho Jung: Yonsei University College of Medicine
Jinwoo Cheon: Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
Jin Woo Chang: Korea University Anam Hospital
Jang-Ung Park: Yonsei University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Current soft neural probes are still operated by bulky, rigid electronics mounted to a body, which deteriorate the integrity of the device to biological systems and restrict the free behavior of a subject. We report a soft, conformable neural interface system that can monitor the single-unit activities of neurons with long-term stability. The system implements soft neural probes in the brain, and their subsidiary electronics which are directly printed on the cranial surface. The high-resolution printing of liquid metals forms soft neural probes with a cellular-scale diameter and adaptable lengths. Also, the printing of liquid metal-based circuits and interconnections along the curvature of the cranium enables the conformal integration of electronics to the body, and the cranial circuit delivers neural signals to a smartphone wirelessly. In the in-vivo studies using mice, the system demonstrates long-term recording (33 weeks) of neural activities in arbitrary brain regions. In T-maze behavioral tests, the system shows the behavior-induced activation of neurons in multiple brain regions.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45768-0

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