Large dynamics of a phase separating arginine-glycine-rich domain revealed via nuclear and electron spins

Giuseppe Sicoli, Daniel Sieme, Kerstin Overkamp, Mahdi Khalil, Robin Backer, Christian Griesinger, Dieter Willbold and Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh ()
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Giuseppe Sicoli: University of Lille, LASIRE
Daniel Sieme: Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kerstin Overkamp: Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahdi Khalil: University of Lille, LASIRE
Robin Backer: Heinrich Heine University (HHU) Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Physical Biology
Christian Griesinger: Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dieter Willbold: Heinrich Heine University (HHU) Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Physical Biology
Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh: Heinrich Heine University (HHU) Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Physical Biology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Liquid-liquid phase separation is the key process underlying formation of membrane-less compartments in cells. A highly dynamic cellular body with rapid component exchange is Cajal body (CB), which supports the extensive compositional dynamics of the RNA splicing machinery, spliceosome. Here, we select an arginine-glycine (RG)-rich segment of coilin, the major component of CB, establish its RNA-induced phase separation, and through combined use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) probes, interrogate its dynamics within the crowded interior of formed droplets. Taking advantage of glycine-based singlet-states, we show that glycines retain a large level of sub-nanoseconds dynamics inside the coilin droplets. Furthermore, the continuous-wave (CW) and electron-electron dipolar (PELDOR) and electron-nucleus hyperfine coupling EPR data (HYSCORE) support the RNA-induced formation of dynamic coilin droplets with high coilin peptide concentrations. The combined NMR and EPR data reveal the high dynamics of the RG-rich coilin within droplets and suggest its potential role in the large dynamics of CBs.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45788-w

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