Effects of human disturbances on wildlife behaviour and consequences for predator-prey overlap in Southeast Asia

Samuel Xin Tham Lee, Zachary Amir, Jonathan H. Moore, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor and Matthew Scott Luskin ()
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Samuel Xin Tham Lee: University of Queensland
Zachary Amir: University of Queensland
Jonathan H. Moore: Southern University of Science and Technology
Kaitlyn M. Gaynor: University of British Columbia
Matthew Scott Luskin: University of California

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Some animal species shift their activity towards increased nocturnality in disturbed habitats to avoid predominantly diurnal humans. This may alter diel overlap among species, a precondition to most predation and competition interactions that structure food webs. Here, using camera trap data from 10 tropical forest landscapes, we find that hyperdiverse Southeast Asian wildlife communities shift their peak activity from early mornings in intact habitats towards dawn and dusk in disturbed habitats (increased crepuscularity). Our results indicate that anthropogenic disturbances drive opposing behavioural adaptations based on rarity, size and feeding guild, with more nocturnality among the 59 rarer specialists’ species, more diurnality for medium-sized generalists, and less diurnality for larger hunted species. Species turnover also played a role in underpinning community- and guild-level responses, with disturbances associated with markedly more detections of diurnal generalists and their medium-sized diurnal predators. However, overlap among predator-prey or competitor guilds does not vary with disturbance, suggesting that net species interactions may be conserved.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45905-9

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