Magnetically driven capsules with multimodal response and multifunctionality for biomedical applications

Yuxuan Sun, Wang Zhang, Junnan Gu, Liangyu Xia, Yinghao Cao, Xinhui Zhu, Hao Wen, Shaowei Ouyang, Ruiqi Liu, Jialong Li, Zhenxing Jiang, Denglong Cheng, Yiliang Lv, Xiaotao Han, Wu Qiu, Kailin Cai, Enmin Song, Quanliang Cao () and Liang Li ()
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Yuxuan Sun: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Wang Zhang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Junnan Gu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Liangyu Xia: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yinghao Cao: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xinhui Zhu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Hao Wen: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Shaowei Ouyang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Ruiqi Liu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jialong Li: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zhenxing Jiang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Denglong Cheng: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yiliang Lv: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xiaotao Han: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Wu Qiu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Kailin Cai: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Enmin Song: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Quanliang Cao: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Liang Li: Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Untethered capsules hold clinical potential for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Although considerable progress has been achieved recently in this field, the constraints imposed by the narrow spatial structure of the capsule and complex gastrointestinal tract environment cause many open-ended problems, such as poor active motion and limited medical functions. In this work, we describe the development of small-scale magnetically driven capsules with a distinct magnetic soft valve made of dual-layer ferromagnetic soft composite films. A core technological advancement achieved is the flexible opening and closing of the magnetic soft valve by using the competitive interactions between magnetic gradient force and magnetic torque, laying the foundation for the functional integration of both drug release and sampling. Meanwhile, we propose a magnetic actuation strategy based on multi-frequency response control and demonstrate that it can achieve effective decoupled regulation of the capsule’s global motion and local responses. Finally, through a comprehensive approach encompassing ideal models, animal ex vivo models, and in vivo assessment, we demonstrate the versatility of the developed magnetic capsules and their multiple potential applications in the biomedical field, such as targeted drug delivery and sampling, selective dual-drug release, and light/thermal-assisted therapy.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46046-9

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