Warming underpins community turnover in temperate freshwater and terrestrial communities

Imran Khaliq (), Christian Rixen, Florian Zellweger, Catherine H. Graham, Martin M. Gossner, Ian R. McFadden, Laura Antão, Jakob Brodersen, Shyamolina Ghosh, Francesco Pomati, Ole Seehausen, Tobias Roth, Thomas Sattler, Sarah R. Supp, Maria Riaz, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Blake Matthews and Anita Narwani ()
Additional contact information
Imran Khaliq: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology) Überlandstrasse 133
Christian Rixen: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Florian Zellweger: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Catherine H. Graham: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Martin M. Gossner: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Ian R. McFadden: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Laura Antão: University of Helsinki
Jakob Brodersen: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology)
Shyamolina Ghosh: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Francesco Pomati: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology) Überlandstrasse 133
Ole Seehausen: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology)
Tobias Roth: University of Basel
Thomas Sattler: Swiss Ornithological Institute
Sarah R. Supp: Denison University, Data Analytics Program
Maria Riaz: Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt
Niklaus E. Zimmermann: Snow and Landscape Research (WSL)
Blake Matthews: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology)
Anita Narwani: Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology) Überlandstrasse 133

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Rising temperatures are leading to increased prevalence of warm-affinity species in ecosystems, known as thermophilisation. However, factors influencing variation in thermophilisation rates among taxa and ecosystems, particularly freshwater communities with high diversity and high population decline, remain unclear. We analysed compositional change over time in 7123 freshwater and 6201 terrestrial, mostly temperate communities from multiple taxonomic groups. Overall, temperature change was positively linked to thermophilisation in both realms. Extirpated species had lower thermal affinities in terrestrial communities but higher affinities in freshwater communities compared to those persisting over time. Temperature change’s impact on thermophilisation varied with community body size, thermal niche breadth, species richness and baseline temperature; these interactive effects were idiosyncratic in the direction and magnitude of their impacts on thermophilisation, both across realms and taxonomic groups. While our findings emphasise the challenges in predicting the consequences of temperature change across communities, conservation strategies should consider these variable responses when attempting to mitigate climate-induced biodiversity loss.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46282-z

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