Tunable anisotropic van der Waals films of 2M-WS2 for plasmon canalization

Qiaoxia Xing, Jiasheng Zhang, Yuqiang Fang, Chaoyu Song, Tuoyu Zhao, Yanlin Mou, Chong Wang, Junwei Ma, Yuangang Xie, Shenyang Huang, Lei Mu, Yuchen Lei, Wu Shi, Fuqiang Huang () and Hugen Yan ()
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Qiaoxia Xing: Fudan University
Jiasheng Zhang: Fudan University
Yuqiang Fang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chaoyu Song: Fudan University
Tuoyu Zhao: Fudan University
Yanlin Mou: Fudan University
Chong Wang: Beijing Institute of Technology
Junwei Ma: Fudan University
Yuangang Xie: Fudan University
Shenyang Huang: Fudan University
Lei Mu: Fudan University
Yuchen Lei: Fudan University
Wu Shi: Fudan University
Fuqiang Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hugen Yan: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract In-plane anisotropic van der Waals materials have emerged as a natural platform for anisotropic polaritons. Extreme anisotropic polaritons with in-situ broadband tunability are of great significance for on-chip photonics, yet their application remains challenging. In this work, we experimentally characterize through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements a van der Waals plasmonic material, 2M-WS2, capable of supporting intrinsic room-temperature in-plane anisotropic plasmons in the far and mid-infrared regimes. In contrast to the recently revealed natural hyperbolic plasmons in other anisotropic materials, 2M-WS2 supports canalized plasmons with flat isofrequency contours in the frequency range of ~ 3000-5000 cm−1. Furthermore, the anisotropic plasmons and the corresponding isofrequency contours can be reversibly tuned via in-situ ion-intercalation. The tunable anisotropic and canalization plasmons may open up further application perspectives in the field of uniaxial plasmonics, such as serving as active components in directional sensing, radiation manipulation, and polarization-dependent optical modulators.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46963-9

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