Suppressing dipolar relaxation in thin layers of dysprosium atoms

Pierre Barral (), Michael Cantara, Li Du, William Lunden, Julius Hond, Alan O. Jamison and Wolfgang Ketterle
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Pierre Barral: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michael Cantara: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Li Du: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
William Lunden: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Julius Hond: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Alan O. Jamison: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Wolfgang Ketterle: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The dipolar interaction can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the position and orientation of the dipoles. Constraining atoms to a plane with their magnetic moment aligned perpendicularly leads to a largely side-by-side repulsion and generates a dipolar barrier which prevents atoms from approaching each other. We show experimentally and theoretically how this can suppress dipolar relaxation, the dominant loss process in spin mixtures of highly magnetic atoms. Using dysprosium, we observe an order of magnitude reduction in the relaxation rate constant, and another factor of ten is within reach based on the models which we have validated with our experimental study. The loss suppression opens up many new possibilities for quantum simulations with spin mixtures of highly magnetic atoms.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47260-1

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