Inverse relationship between species competitiveness and intraspecific trait variability may enable species coexistence in experimental seedling communities

Jing Yang, Xiya Wang, Carlos P. Carmona, Xihua Wang and Guochun Shen ()
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Jing Yang: East China Normal University
Xiya Wang: East China Normal University
Carlos P. Carmona: University of Tartu
Xihua Wang: East China Normal University
Guochun Shen: East China Normal University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Theory suggests that intraspecific trait variability may promote species coexistence when competitively inferior species have higher intraspecific trait variability than their superior competitors. Here, we provide empirical evidence for this phenomenon in tree seedlings. We evaluated intraspecific variability and plastic response of ten traits in 6750 seedlings of ten species in a three-year greenhouse experiment. While we observed no relationship between intraspecific trait variability and species competitiveness in competition-free homogeneous environments, an inverse relationship emerged under interspecific competition and in spatially heterogeneous environments. We showed that this relationship is driven by the plastic response of the competitively inferior species: Compared to their competitively superior counterparts, they exhibited a greater increase in trait variability, particularly in fine-root traits, in response to competition, environmental heterogeneity and their combination. Our findings contribute to understanding how interspecific competition and intraspecific trait variability together structure plant communities.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47295-4

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