Origin and dispersal history of Hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia

Bing Sun, Aida Andrades Valtueña, Arthur Kocher, Shizhu Gao, Chunxiang Li, Shuang Fu, Fan Zhang, Pengcheng Ma, Xuan Yang, Yulan Qiu, Quanchao Zhang, Jian Ma, Shan Chen, Xiaoming Xiao, Sodnomjamts Damchaabadgar, Fajun Li, Alexey Kovalev, Chunbai Hu, Xianglong Chen, Lixin Wang, Wenying Li, Yawei Zhou, Hong Zhu, Johannes Krause (), Alexander Herbig () and Yinqiu Cui ()
Additional contact information
Bing Sun: Jilin University
Aida Andrades Valtueña: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Arthur Kocher: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Shizhu Gao: Jilin University
Chunxiang Li: Jilin University
Shuang Fu: Jilin University
Fan Zhang: Jilin University
Pengcheng Ma: Jilin University
Xuan Yang: Jilin University
Yulan Qiu: Jilin University
Quanchao Zhang: Jilin University
Jian Ma: Northwest University
Shan Chen: Liaoning University
Xiaoming Xiao: Liaoning University
Sodnomjamts Damchaabadgar: Institute of Archaeology Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Fajun Li: Sun Yat-sen University
Alexey Kovalev: Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences
Chunbai Hu: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Xianglong Chen: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Lixin Wang: Jilin University
Wenying Li: Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology
Yawei Zhou: Zhengzhou University
Hong Zhu: Jilin University
Johannes Krause: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Alexander Herbig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Yinqiu Cui: Jilin University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Hepatitis B virus is a globally distributed pathogen and the history of HBV infection in humans predates 10000 years. However, long-term evolutionary history of HBV in Eastern Eurasia remains elusive. We present 34 ancient HBV genomes dating between approximately 5000 to 400 years ago sourced from 17 sites across Eastern Eurasia. Ten sequences have full coverage, and only two sequences have less than 50% coverage. Our results suggest a potential origin of genotypes B and D in Eastern Asia. We observed a higher level of HBV diversity within Eastern Eurasia compared to Western Eurasia between 5000 and 3000 years ago, characterized by the presence of five different genotypes (A, B, C, D, WENBA), underscoring the significance of human migrations and interactions in the spread of HBV. Our results suggest the possibility of a transition from non-recombinant subgenotypes (B1, B5) to recombinant subgenotypes (B2 - B4). This suggests a shift in epidemiological dynamics within Eastern Eurasia over time. Here, our study elucidates the regional origins of prevalent genotypes and shifts in viral subgenotypes over centuries.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47358-6

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