Activating reversible carbonate reactions in Nasicon solid electrolyte-based Na-air battery via in-situ formed catholyte

Heetaek Park, Minseok Kang, Donghun Lee, Jaehyun Park, Seok Ju Kang and Byoungwoo Kang ()
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Heetaek Park: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongamro, Namgu
Minseok Kang: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongamro, Namgu
Donghun Lee: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongamro, Namgu
Jaehyun Park: Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil
Seok Ju Kang: Department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil
Byoungwoo Kang: Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongamro, Namgu

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Out of practicality, ambient air rather than oxygen is preferred as a fuel in electrochemical systems, but CO2 and H2O present in air cause severe irreversible reactions, such as the formation of carbonates and hydroxides, which typically degrades performance. Herein, we report on a Na-air battery enabled by a reversible carbonate reaction (Na2CO3·xH2O, x = 0 or 1) in Nasicon solid electrolyte (Na3Zr2Si2PO12) that delivers a much higher discharge potential of 3.4 V than other metal-air batteries resulting in high energy density and achieves > 86 % energy efficiency at 0.1 mA cm−2 over 100 cycles. This cell design takes advantage of moisture in ambient air to form an in-situ catholyte via the deliquescent property of NaOH. As a result, not only reversible electrochemical reaction of Na2CO3·xH2O is activated but also its kinetics is facilitated. Our results demonstrate the reversible use of free ambient air as a fuel, enabled by the reversible electrochemical reaction of carbonates with a solid electrolyte.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47415-0

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