Interface-induced dual-pinning mechanism enhances low-frequency electromagnetic wave loss

Bo Cai, Lu Zhou, Pei-Yan Zhao, Hua-Long Peng, Zhi-Ling Hou, Pengfei Hu (), Li-Min Liu () and Guang-Sheng Wang ()
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Bo Cai: Beihang University
Lu Zhou: Beihang University
Pei-Yan Zhao: Beihang University
Hua-Long Peng: Beihang University
Zhi-Ling Hou: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Pengfei Hu: Beihang University
Li-Min Liu: Beihang University
Guang-Sheng Wang: Beihang University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Improving the absorption of electromagnetic waves at low-frequency bands (2-8 GHz) is crucial for the increasing electromagnetic (EM) pollution brought about by the innovation of the fifth generation (5G) communication technology. However, the poor impedance matching and intrinsic attenuation of material in low-frequency bands hinders the development of low-frequency electromagnetic wave absorbing (EMWA) materials. Here we propose an interface-induced dual-pinning mechanism and establish a magnetoelectric bias interface by constructing bilayer core-shell structures of NiFe2O4 (NFO)@BiFeO3 (BFO)@polypyrrole (PPy). Such heterogeneous interface could induce distinct magnetic pinning of the magnetic moment in the ferromagnetic NFO and dielectric pinning of the dipole rotation in PPy. The establishment of the dual-pinning effect resulted in optimized impedance and enhanced attenuation at low-frequency bands, leading to better EMWA performance. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) at thickness of 4.43 mm reaches -65.30 dB (the optimal absorption efficiency of 99.99997%), and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) can almost cover C-band (4.72 ~ 7.04 GHz) with low filling of 15.0 wt.%. This work proposes a mechanism to optimize low-frequency impedance matching with electromagnetic wave (EMW) loss and pave an avenue for the research of high-performance low-frequency absorbers.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47537-5

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