Diversity and potential host-interactions of viruses inhabiting deep-sea seamount sediments

Meishun Yu, Menghui Zhang, Runying Zeng, Ruolin Cheng, Rui Zhang, Yanping Hou, Fangfang Kuang, Xuejin Feng, Xiyang Dong, Yinfang Li, Zongze Shao () and Min Jin ()
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Meishun Yu: Ministry of Natural Resources
Menghui Zhang: Ministry of Natural Resources
Runying Zeng: Ministry of Natural Resources
Ruolin Cheng: Ministry of Natural Resources
Rui Zhang: Shenzhen University
Yanping Hou: Ministry of Natural Resources
Fangfang Kuang: Ministry of Natural Resources
Xuejin Feng: Ministry of Natural Resources
Xiyang Dong: Ministry of Natural Resources
Yinfang Li: Ministry of Natural Resources
Zongze Shao: Ministry of Natural Resources
Min Jin: Ministry of Natural Resources

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Seamounts are globally distributed across the oceans and form one of the major oceanic biomes. Here, we utilized combined analyses of bulk metagenome and virome to study viral communities in seamount sediments in the western Pacific Ocean. Phylogenetic analyses and the protein-sharing network demonstrate extensive diversity and previously unknown viral clades. Inference of virus-host linkages uncovers extensive interactions between viruses and dominant prokaryote lineages, and suggests that viruses play significant roles in carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling by compensating or augmenting host metabolisms. Moreover, temperate viruses are predicted to be prevalent in seamount sediments, which tend to carry auxiliary metabolic genes for host survivability. Intriguingly, the geographical features of seamounts likely compromise the connectivity of viral communities and thus contribute to the high divergence of viral genetic spaces and populations across seamounts. Altogether, these findings provides knowledge essential for understanding the biogeography and ecological roles of viruses in globally widespread seamounts.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47600-1

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