Ultrastrong exciton-plasmon couplings in WS2 multilayers synthesized with a random multi-singular metasurface at room temperature

Tingting Wu, Chongwu Wang, Guangwei Hu, Zhixun Wang, Jiaxin Zhao, Zhe Wang, Ksenia Chaykun, Lin Liu, Mengxiao Chen, Dong Li, Song Zhu, Qihua Xiong, Zexiang Shen, Huajian Gao, Francisco J. Garcia-Vidal (), Lei Wei (), Qi Jie Wang () and Yu Luo ()
Additional contact information
Tingting Wu: Nanyang Technological University
Chongwu Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Guangwei Hu: Nanyang Technological University
Zhixun Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Jiaxin Zhao: Nanyang Technological University
Zhe Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Ksenia Chaykun: Nanyang Technological University
Lin Liu: Nanyang Technological University
Mengxiao Chen: Zhejiang University
Dong Li: Nanyang Technological University
Song Zhu: Nanyang Technological University
Qihua Xiong: Tsinghua University
Zexiang Shen: Nanyang Technological University
Huajian Gao: Nanyang Technological University
Francisco J. Garcia-Vidal: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Lei Wei: Nanyang Technological University
Qi Jie Wang: Nanyang Technological University
Yu Luo: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Van der Waals semiconductors exemplified by two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides have promised next-generation atomically thin optoelectronics. Boosting their interaction with light is vital for practical applications, especially in the quantum regime where ultrastrong coupling is highly demanded but not yet realized. Here we report ultrastrong exciton-plasmon coupling at room temperature in tungsten disulfide (WS2) layers loaded with a random multi-singular plasmonic metasurface deposited on a flexible polymer substrate. Different from seeking perfect metals or high-quality resonators, we create a unique type of metasurface with a dense array of singularities that can support nanometre-sized plasmonic hotspots to which several WS2 excitons coherently interact. The associated normalized coupling strength is 0.12 for monolayer WS2 and can be up to 0.164 for quadrilayers, showcasing the ultrastrong exciton-plasmon coupling that is important for practical optoelectronic devices based on low-dimensional semiconductors.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47610-z

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