Safety outcomes following COVID-19 vaccination and infection in 5.1 million children in England

Emma Copland, Martina Patone, Defne Saatci, Lahiru Handunnetthi, Jennifer Hirst, David P. J. Hunt, Nicholas L. Mills, Paul Moss, Aziz Sheikh, Carol A. C. Coupland, Anthony Harnden, Chris Robertson and Julia Hippisley-Cox ()
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Emma Copland: University of Oxford
Martina Patone: University of Oxford
Defne Saatci: University of Oxford
Lahiru Handunnetthi: University of Oxford
Jennifer Hirst: University of Oxford
David P. J. Hunt: University of Edinburgh
Nicholas L. Mills: University of Edinburgh
Paul Moss: University of Birmingham
Aziz Sheikh: University of Oxford
Carol A. C. Coupland: University of Oxford
Anthony Harnden: University of Oxford
Chris Robertson: University of Strathclyde
Julia Hippisley-Cox: University of Oxford

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract The risk-benefit profile of COVID-19 vaccination in children remains uncertain. A self-controlled case-series study was conducted using linked data of 5.1 million children in England to compare risks of hospitalisation from vaccine safety outcomes after COVID-19 vaccination and infection. In 5-11-year-olds, we found no increased risks of adverse events 1–42 days following vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 or ChAdOX1. In 12-17-year-olds, we estimated 3 (95%CI 0–5) and 5 (95%CI 3–6) additional cases of myocarditis per million following a first and second dose with BNT162b2, respectively. An additional 12 (95%CI 0–23) hospitalisations with epilepsy and 4 (95%CI 0–6) with demyelinating disease (in females only, mainly optic neuritis) were estimated per million following a second dose with BNT162b2. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increased risks of hospitalisation from seven outcomes including multisystem inflammatory syndrome and myocarditis, but these risks were largely absent in those vaccinated prior to infection. We report a favourable safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination in under-18s.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47745-z

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