Visualizing a single wavefront dislocation induced by orbital angular momentum in graphene

Yi-Wen Liu, Yu-Chen Zhuang, Ya-Ning Ren, Chao Yan, Xiao-Feng Zhou, Qian Yang, Qing-Feng Sun () and Lin He ()
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Yi-Wen Liu: Beijing Normal University
Yu-Chen Zhuang: Peking University
Ya-Ning Ren: Beijing Normal University
Chao Yan: Beijing Normal University
Xiao-Feng Zhou: Beijing Normal University
Qian Yang: Beijing Normal University
Qing-Feng Sun: Peking University
Lin He: Beijing Normal University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Phase singularities are phase-indeterminate points where wave amplitudes are zero, which manifest as phase vertices or wavefront dislocations. In the realm of optical and electron beams, the phase singularity has been extensively explored, demonstrating a profound connection to orbital angular momentum. Direct local imaging of the impact of orbital angular momentum on phase singularities at the nanoscale, however, remains challenging. Here, we study the role of orbital angular momentum in phase singularities in graphene, particularly at the atomic level, through scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Our experiments demonstrate that the scatterings between different orbital angular momentum states, which are induced by local rotational symmetry-breaking potentials, can generate additional phase singularities, and result in robust single-wavefront dislocations in real space. Our results pave the way for exploring the effects of orbital degree of freedom on quantum phases in quasiparticle interference processes.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47756-w

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