Travel surveillance uncovers dengue virus dynamics and introductions in the Caribbean

Emma Taylor-Salmon (), Verity Hill, Lauren M. Paul, Robert T. Koch, Mallery I. Breban, Chrispin Chaguza, Afeez Sodeinde, Joshua L. Warren, Sylvia Bunch, Natalia Cano, Marshall Cone, Sarah Eysoldt, Alezaundra Garcia, Nicadia Gilles, Andrew Hagy, Lea Heberlein, Rayah Jaber, Elizabeth Kassens, Pamela Colarusso, Amanda Davis, Samantha Baudin, Edhelene Rico, Álvaro Mejía-Echeverri, Blake Scott, Danielle Stanek, Rebecca Zimler, Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán, Gilberto A. Santiago, Laura E. Adams, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Melanie Spillane, Volha Katebi, Robert Paulino-Ramírez, Sayira Mueses, Armando Peguero, Nelissa Sánchez, Francesca F. Norman, Juan-Carlos Galán, Ralph Huits, Davidson H. Hamer, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Andrea Morrison (), Scott F. Michael () and Nathan D. Grubaugh ()
Additional contact information
Emma Taylor-Salmon: Yale School of Medicine
Verity Hill: Yale School of Public Health
Lauren M. Paul: Florida Gulf Coast University
Robert T. Koch: Yale School of Public Health
Mallery I. Breban: Yale School of Public Health
Chrispin Chaguza: Yale School of Public Health
Afeez Sodeinde: Yale School of Public Health
Joshua L. Warren: Yale School of Public Health
Sylvia Bunch: Florida Department of Health
Natalia Cano: Florida Department of Health
Marshall Cone: Florida Department of Health
Sarah Eysoldt: Florida Department of Health
Alezaundra Garcia: Florida Department of Health
Nicadia Gilles: Florida Department of Health
Andrew Hagy: Florida Department of Health
Lea Heberlein: Florida Department of Health
Rayah Jaber: Florida Department of Health
Elizabeth Kassens: Florida Department of Health
Pamela Colarusso: Florida Department of Health
Amanda Davis: Florida Department of Health
Samantha Baudin: Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County
Edhelene Rico: Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County
Álvaro Mejía-Echeverri: Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County
Blake Scott: Florida Department of Health
Danielle Stanek: Florida Department of Health
Rebecca Zimler: Florida Department of Health
Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gilberto A. Santiago: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Laura E. Adams: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gabriela Paz-Bailey: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Melanie Spillane: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Volha Katebi: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Robert Paulino-Ramírez: UNIBE Research Hub
Sayira Mueses: UNIBE Research Hub
Armando Peguero: UNIBE Research Hub
Nelissa Sánchez: UNIBE Research Hub
Francesca F. Norman: Universidad de Alcalá
Juan-Carlos Galán: CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP)
Ralph Huits: IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital
Davidson H. Hamer: and National Emerging Infectious Disease Laboratory
Chantal B. F. Vogels: Yale School of Public Health
Andrea Morrison: Florida Department of Health
Scott F. Michael: Florida Gulf Coast University
Nathan D. Grubaugh: Yale School of Public Health

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease in humans, and cases are continuing to rise globally. In particular, islands in the Caribbean have experienced more frequent outbreaks, and all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes have been reported in the region, leading to hyperendemicity and increased rates of severe disease. However, there is significant variability regarding virus surveillance and reporting between islands, making it difficult to obtain an accurate understanding of the epidemiological patterns in the Caribbean. To investigate this, we used travel surveillance and genomic epidemiology to reconstruct outbreak dynamics, DENV serotype turnover, and patterns of spread within the region from 2009-2022. We uncovered two recent DENV-3 introductions from Asia, one of which resulted in a large outbreak in Cuba, which was previously under-reported. We also show that while outbreaks can be synchronized between islands, they are often caused by different serotypes. Our study highlights the importance of surveillance of infected travelers to provide a snapshot of local introductions and transmission in areas with limited local surveillance and suggests that the recent DENV-3 introductions may pose a major public health threat in the region.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47774-8

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