Sputum culture reversion in longer treatments with bedaquiline, delamanid, and repurposed drugs for drug-resistant tuberculosis

Sooyeon Kho, Kwonjune J. Seung, Helena Huerga, Mathieu Bastard, Palwasha Y. Khan, Carole D. Mitnick, Michael L. Rich, Shirajul Islam, Dali Zhizhilashvili, Lusine Yeghiazaryan, Elena Nikolaevna Nikolenko, Khin Zarli, Sana Adnan, Naseem Salahuddin, Saman Ahmed, Zully Haydee Ruíz Vargas, Amsalu Bekele, Aiman Shaimerdenova, Meseret Tamirat, Alain Gelin, Stalz Charles Vilbrun, Catherine Hewison, Uzma Khan and Molly Franke ()
Additional contact information
Sooyeon Kho: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Kwonjune J. Seung: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Helena Huerga: Epicentre
Mathieu Bastard: Epicentre
Palwasha Y. Khan: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Carole D. Mitnick: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Michael L. Rich: Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Shirajul Islam: Interactive Research and Development
Dali Zhizhilashvili: Médecins sans Frontières
Lusine Yeghiazaryan: National Center for Pulmonology
Elena Nikolaevna Nikolenko: Republican Research and Practical Centre for Pulmonology and Tuberculosis
Khin Zarli: Médecins sans Frontières
Sana Adnan: Indus Hospital and Health Network
Naseem Salahuddin: Indus Hospital and Health Network
Saman Ahmed: Interactive Research and Development
Zully Haydee Ruíz Vargas: Maria Auxiliadora Hospital
Amsalu Bekele: College of Health Sciences
Aiman Shaimerdenova: Karaganda Regional Center of Phthisiopulmonology
Meseret Tamirat: Lesotho
Alain Gelin: Zanmi Lasante
Stalz Charles Vilbrun: Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO)
Catherine Hewison: Médecins sans Frontières
Uzma Khan: Interactive Research and Development Global
Molly Franke: Partners in Health

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Sputum culture reversion after conversion is an indicator of tuberculosis (TB) treatment failure. We analyze data from the endTB multi-country prospective observational cohort (NCT03259269) to estimate the frequency (primary endpoint) among individuals receiving a longer (18-to-20 month) regimen for multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR) TB who experienced culture conversion. We also conduct Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to identify factors associated with reversion, including comorbidities, previous treatment, cavitary disease at conversion, low body mass index (BMI) at conversion, time to conversion, and number of likely-effective drugs. Of 1,286 patients, 54 (4.2%) experienced reversion, a median of 173 days (97-306) after conversion. Cavitary disease, BMI

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48077-8

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