Diet-omics in the Study of Urban and Rural Crohn disease Evolution (SOURCE) cohort

Tzipi Braun, Rui Feng, Amnon Amir, Nina Levhar, Hila Shacham, Ren Mao, Rotem Hadar, Itamar Toren, Yadid Algavi, Kathleen Abu-Saad, Shuoyu Zhuo, Gilat Efroni, Alona Malik, Orit Picard, Miri Yavzori, Bella Agranovich, Ta-Chiang Liu, Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck, Lee Denson, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Eyal Gottlieb, Elhanan Borenstein, Eran Elinav, Minhu Chen, Shomron Ben-Horin and Yael Haberman ()
Additional contact information
Tzipi Braun: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Rui Feng: Sun Yat-Sen University
Amnon Amir: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Nina Levhar: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Hila Shacham: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Ren Mao: Sun Yat-Sen University
Rotem Hadar: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Itamar Toren: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Yadid Algavi: Tel Aviv University
Kathleen Abu-Saad: Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research
Shuoyu Zhuo: Sun Yat-Sen University
Gilat Efroni: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Alona Malik: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Orit Picard: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Miri Yavzori: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Bella Agranovich: Bat Galim
Ta-Chiang Liu: Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine
Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck: Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
Lee Denson: University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Ofra Kalter-Leibovici: Tel Aviv University
Eyal Gottlieb: Bat Galim
Elhanan Borenstein: Tel Aviv University
Eran Elinav: Weizmann Institute of Science
Minhu Chen: Sun Yat-Sen University
Shomron Ben-Horin: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University
Yael Haberman: Tel-Hashomer, Affiliated with the Tel Aviv University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Crohn disease (CD) burden has increased with globalization/urbanization, and the rapid rise is attributed to environmental changes rather than genetic drift. The Study Of Urban and Rural CD Evolution (SOURCE, n = 380) has considered diet-omics domains simultaneously to detect complex interactions and identify potential beneficial and pathogenic factors linked with rural-urban transition and CD. We characterize exposures, diet, ileal transcriptomics, metabolomics, and microbiome in newly diagnosed CD patients and controls in rural and urban China and Israel. We show that time spent by rural residents in urban environments is linked with changes in gut microbial composition and metabolomics, which mirror those seen in CD. Ileal transcriptomics highlights personal metabolic and immune gene expression modules, that are directly linked to potential protective dietary exposures (coffee, manganese, vitamin D), fecal metabolites, and the microbiome. Bacteria-associated metabolites are primarily linked with host immune modules, whereas diet-linked metabolites are associated with host epithelial metabolic functions.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48106-6

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