Production of deoxycholic acid by low-abundant microbial species is associated with impaired glucose metabolism

Annika Wahlström, Ariel Brumbaugh, Wilhelm Sjöland, Lisa Olsson, Hao Wu, Marcus Henricsson, Annika Lundqvist, Kassem Makki, Stanley L. Hazen, Göran Bergström, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Michael A. Fischbach () and Fredrik Bäckhed ()
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Annika Wahlström: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Ariel Brumbaugh: Stanford University
Wilhelm Sjöland: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Lisa Olsson: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Hao Wu: Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
Marcus Henricsson: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Annika Lundqvist: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Kassem Makki: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Stanley L. Hazen: Lerner Research Institute
Göran Bergström: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Hanns-Ulrich Marschall: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
Michael A. Fischbach: Stanford University
Fredrik Bäckhed: Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Alterations in gut microbiota composition are suggested to contribute to cardiometabolic diseases, in part by producing bioactive molecules. Some of the metabolites are produced by very low abundant bacterial taxa, which largely have been neglected due to limits of detection. However, the concentration of microbially produced metabolites from these taxa can still reach high levels and have substantial impact on host physiology. To explore this concept, we focused on the generation of secondary bile acids by 7α-dehydroxylating bacteria and demonstrated that addition of a very low abundant bacteria to a community can change the metabolic output dramatically. We show that Clostridium scindens converts cholic acid into the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) very efficiently even though the abundance of C. scindens is low, but still detectable by digital droplet PCR. We also show that colonization of germ-free female mice with a community containing C. scindens induces DCA production and affects host metabolism. Finally, we show that DCA correlates with impaired glucose metabolism and a worsened lipid profile in individuals with type 2 diabetes, which implies that this metabolic pathway may contribute to the development of cardiometabolic disease.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48543-3

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