Long-term relapse-free survival enabled by integrating targeted antibacteria in antitumor treatment

Yuanlin Wang, Yaqian Han, Chenhui Yang, Tiancheng Bai, Chenggang Zhang, Zhaotong Wang, Ye Sun (), Ying Hu, Flemming Besenbacher, Chunying Chen and Miao Yu ()
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Yuanlin Wang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Yaqian Han: Harbin Institute of Technology
Chenhui Yang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Tiancheng Bai: Harbin Institute of Technology
Chenggang Zhang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Zhaotong Wang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Ye Sun: Harbin Institute of Technology
Ying Hu: Harbin Institute of Technology
Flemming Besenbacher: Aarhus University
Chunying Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Miao Yu: Harbin Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract The role of tumor-resident intracellular microbiota (TRIM) in carcinogenesis has sparked enormous interest. Nevertheless, the impact of TRIM-targeted antibacteria on tumor inhibition and immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unexplored. Herein, we report long-term relapse-free survival by coordinating antibacteria with antitumor treatment, addressing the aggravated immunosuppression and tumor overgrowth induced by TRIM using breast and prostate cancer models. Combining Ag+ release with a Fenton-like reaction and photothermal conversion, simultaneous bacteria killing and multimodal antitumor therapy are enabled by a single agent. Free of immune-stimulating drugs, the agent restores antitumor immune surveillance and activates immunological responses. Secondary inoculation and distal tumor analysis confirm lasting immunological memory and systemic immune responses. A relapse-free survival of >700 days is achieved. This work unravels the crucial role of TRIM-targeted antibacteria in tumor inhibition and unlocks an unconventional route for immune regulation in TME and a complete cure for cancer.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48662-x

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