Abiotic formation of alkylsulfonic acids in interstellar analog ices and implications for their detection on Ryugu

Mason McAnally, Jana Bocková, Ashanie Herath, Andrew M. Turner, Cornelia Meinert () and Ralf I. Kaiser ()
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Mason McAnally: University of Hawaii at Mānoa
Jana Bocková: UMR 7272 CNRS
Ashanie Herath: University of Hawaii at Mānoa
Andrew M. Turner: University of Hawaii at Mānoa
Cornelia Meinert: UMR 7272 CNRS
Ralf I. Kaiser: University of Hawaii at Mānoa

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract For the last century, the source of sulfur in Earth’s very first organisms has remained a fundamental, unsolved enigma. While sulfates and their organic derivatives with sulfur in the S(+VI) oxidation state represent core nutrients in contemporary biochemistry, the limited bioavailability of sulfates during Earth’s early Archean period proposed that more soluble S(+IV) compounds served as the initial source of sulfur for the first terrestrial microorganisms. Here, we reveal via laboratory simulation experiments that the three simplest alkylsulfonic acids—water soluble organic S(+IV) compounds—can be efficiently produced in interstellar, sulfur-doped ices through interaction with galactic cosmic rays. This discovery opens a previously elusive path into the synthesis of vital astrobiological significance and untangles fundamental mechanisms of a facile preparation of sulfur-containing, biorelevant organics in extraterrestrial ices; these molecules can be eventually incorporated into comets and asteroids before their delivery and detection on Earth such as in the Murchison, Tagish Lake, and Allende meteorites along with the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48684-5

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