OsMAPK6 phosphorylation and CLG1 ubiquitylation of GW6a non-additively enhance rice grain size through stabilization of the substrate

Chen Bai, Gao-Jie Wang, Xiao-Hui Feng, Qiong Gao, Wei-Qing Wang, Ran Xu, Su-Jie Guo, Shao-Yan Shen, Ming Ma, Wen-Hui Lin, Chun-Ming Liu, Yunhai Li and Xian-Jun Song ()
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Chen Bai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Gao-Jie Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiao-Hui Feng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qiong Gao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wei-Qing Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ran Xu: Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory
Su-Jie Guo: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shao-Yan Shen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ming Ma: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wen-Hui Lin: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chun-Ming Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yunhai Li: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xian-Jun Song: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The chromatin modifier GRAIN WEIGHT 6a (GW6a) enhances rice grain size and yield. However, little is known about its gene network determining grain size. Here, we report that MITOGEN-ACTIVED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (OsMAPK6) and E3 ligase CHANG LI GENG 1 (CLG1) interact with and target GW6a for phosphorylation and ubiquitylation, respectively. Unexpectedly, however, in vitro and in vivo assays reveal that both of the two post-translational modifications stabilize GW6a. Furthermore, we uncover two major GW6a phosphorylation sites (serine142 and threonine186) targeted by OsMAPK6 serving an important role in modulating grain size. In addition, our genetic and molecular results suggest that the OsMAPK6-GW6a and CLG1-GW6a axes are crucial and operate in a non-additive manner to control grain size. Overall, our findings identify a previously unknown mechanism by which phosphorylation and ubiquitylation non-additively stabilize GW6a to enhance grain size, and reveal correlations and interactions of these posttranslational modifications during rice grain development.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48786-0

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