Pd(II)/Pd(IV) redox shuttle to suppress vacancy defects at grain boundaries for efficient kesterite solar cells

Jinlin Wang, Jiangjian Shi, Kang Yin, Fanqi Meng, Shanshan Wang, Licheng Lou, Jiazheng Zhou, Xiao Xu, Huijue Wu, Yanhong Luo, Dongmei Li (), Shiyou Chen () and Qingbo Meng ()
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Jinlin Wang: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Jiangjian Shi: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Kang Yin: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Fanqi Meng: Peking University
Shanshan Wang: Fudan University
Licheng Lou: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Jiazheng Zhou: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Xiao Xu: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Huijue Wu: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Yanhong Luo: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Dongmei Li: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Shiyou Chen: Fudan University
Qingbo Meng: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Charge loss at grain boundaries of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 polycrystalline absorbers is an important cause limiting the performance of this emerging thin-film solar cell. Herein, we report a Pd element assisted reaction strategy to suppress atomic vacancy defects in GB regions. The Pd, on one hand in the form of PdSex compounds, can heterogeneously cover the GBs of the absorber film, suppressing Sn and Se volatilization loss and the formation of their vacancy defects (i.e. VSn and VSe), and on the other hand, in the form of Pd(II)/Pd(IV) redox shuttle, can assist the capture and exchange of Se atoms, thus contributing to eliminating the already-existing VSe defects within GBs. These collective effects have effectively reduced charge recombination loss and enhanced p-type characteristics of the kesterite absorber. As a result, high-performance kesterite solar cells with a total-area efficiency of 14.5% (certified at 14.3%) have been achieved.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48850-9

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