Ambient air pollution and urological cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological evidence

Jinhui Li (), Zhengyi Deng, Simon John Christoph Soerensen, Linda Kachuri, Andres Cardenas, Rebecca E. Graff, John T. Leppert, Marvin E. Langston and Benjamin I. Chung
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Jinhui Li: Stanford University Medical Center
Zhengyi Deng: Stanford University Medical Center
Simon John Christoph Soerensen: Stanford University Medical Center
Linda Kachuri: Stanford University School of Medicine
Andres Cardenas: Stanford University School of Medicine
Rebecca E. Graff: University of California, San Francisco
John T. Leppert: Stanford University Medical Center
Marvin E. Langston: Stanford University School of Medicine
Benjamin I. Chung: Stanford University Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Exposure to ambient air pollution has significant adverse health effects; however, whether air pollution is associated with urological cancer is largely unknown. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with epidemiological studies, showing that a 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure is associated with a 6%, 7%, and 9%, increased risk of overall urological, bladder, and kidney cancer, respectively; and a 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 is linked to a 3%, 4%, and 4% higher risk of overall urological, bladder, and prostate cancer, respectively. Were these associations to reflect causal relationships, lowering PM2.5 levels to 5.8 μg/m3 could reduce the age-standardized rate of urological cancer by 1.5 ~ 27/100,000 across the 15 countries with the highest PM2.5 level from the top 30 countries with the highest urological cancer burden. Implementing global health policies that can improve air quality could potentially reduce the risk of urologic cancer and alleviate its burden.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48857-2

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