Deciphering bat influenza H18N11 infection dynamics in male Jamaican fruit bats on a single-cell level

Susanne Kessler, Bradly Burke, Geoffroy Andrieux, Jan Schinköthe, Lea Hamberger, Johannes Kacza, Shijun Zhan, Clara Reasoner, Taru S. Dutt, Maria Kaukab Osman, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Julian Staniek, Jose Francisco Villena Ossa, Dalit T. Frank, Wenjun Ma, Reiner Ulrich, Toni Cathomen, Melanie Boerries, Marta Rizzi, Martin Beer, Martin Schwemmle, Peter Reuther, Tony Schountz () and Kevin Ciminski ()
Additional contact information
Susanne Kessler: Medical Center University of Freiburg
Bradly Burke: Colorado State University
Geoffroy Andrieux: University of Freiburg
Jan Schinköthe: Leipzig University
Lea Hamberger: Medical Center University of Freiburg
Johannes Kacza: University of Leipzig
Shijun Zhan: Colorado State University
Clara Reasoner: Colorado State University
Taru S. Dutt: Colorado State University
Maria Kaukab Osman: Medical Center University of Freiburg
Marcela Henao-Tamayo: Colorado State University
Julian Staniek: University of Freiburg
Jose Francisco Villena Ossa: Medical Center - University of Freiburg
Dalit T. Frank: Colorado State University
Wenjun Ma: University of Missouri
Reiner Ulrich: Leipzig University
Toni Cathomen: University of Freiburg
Melanie Boerries: University of Freiburg
Marta Rizzi: University of Freiburg
Martin Beer: Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
Martin Schwemmle: Medical Center University of Freiburg
Peter Reuther: Medical Center University of Freiburg
Tony Schountz: Colorado State University
Kevin Ciminski: Medical Center University of Freiburg

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) naturally harbor a wide range of viruses of human relevance. These infections are typically mild in bats, suggesting unique features of their immune system. To better understand the immune response to viral infections in bats, we infected male Jamaican fruit bats with the bat-derived influenza A virus (IAV) H18N11. Using comparative single-cell RNA sequencing, we generated single-cell atlases of the Jamaican fruit bat intestine and mesentery. Gene expression profiling showed that H18N11 infection resulted in a moderate induction of interferon-stimulated genes and transcriptional activation of immune cells. H18N11 infection was predominant in various leukocytes, including macrophages, B cells, and NK/T cells. Confirming these findings, human leukocytes, particularly macrophages, were also susceptible to H18N11, highlighting the zoonotic potential of this bat-derived IAV. Our study provides insight into a natural virus-host relationship and thus serves as a fundamental resource for future in-depth characterization of bat immunology.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48934-6

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