Observation of phonon Stark effect

Zhiheng Huang, Yunfei Bai, Yanchong Zhao, Le Liu, Xuan Zhao, Jiangbin Wu, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Wei Yang, Dongxia Shi, Yang Xu, Tiantian Zhang, Qingming Zhang, Ping-Heng Tan, Zhipei Sun, Sheng Meng, Yaxian Wang (), Luojun Du () and Guangyu Zhang ()
Additional contact information
Zhiheng Huang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yunfei Bai: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yanchong Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Le Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xuan Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jiangbin Wu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Kenji Watanabe: National Institute for Materials Science
Takashi Taniguchi: National Institute for Materials Science
Wei Yang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dongxia Shi: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yang Xu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tiantian Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qingming Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ping-Heng Tan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhipei Sun: Aalto University
Sheng Meng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yaxian Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Luojun Du: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangyu Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Stark effect, the electric-field analogue of magnetic Zeeman effect, is one of the celebrated phenomena in modern physics and appealing for emergent applications in electronics, optoelectronics, as well as quantum technologies. While in condensed matter it has prospered only for excitons, whether other collective excitations can display Stark effect remains elusive. Here, we report the observation of phonon Stark effect in a two-dimensional quantum system of bilayer 2H-MoS2. The longitudinal acoustic phonon red-shifts linearly with applied electric fields and can be tuned over ~1 THz, evidencing giant Stark effect of phonons. Together with many-body ab initio calculations, we uncover that the observed phonon Stark effect originates fundamentally from the strong coupling between phonons and interlayer excitons (IXs). In addition, IX-mediated electro-phonon intensity modulation up to ~1200% is discovered for infrared-active phonon A2u. Our results unveil the exotic phonon Stark effect and effective phonon engineering by IX-mediated mechanism, promising for a plethora of exciting many-body physics and potential technological innovations.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48992-w

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