Oxime-functionalized anti-insecticide fabric reduces insecticide exposure through dermal and nasal routes, and prevents insecticide-induced neuromuscular-dysfunction and mortality

Mahendra K. Mohan, Ketan Thorat, Theja Parassini Puthiyapurayil, Omprakash Sunnapu, Sandeep Chandrashekharappa, Venkatesh Ravula, Rajamohammed Khader, Aravind Sankaranarayanan, Hadi Muhammad and Praveen Kumar Vemula ()
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Mahendra K. Mohan: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Ketan Thorat: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Theja Parassini Puthiyapurayil: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Omprakash Sunnapu: Sepio Health Private Limited
Sandeep Chandrashekharappa: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Venkatesh Ravula: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Rajamohammed Khader: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Aravind Sankaranarayanan: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Hadi Muhammad: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)
Praveen Kumar Vemula: Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem)

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Farmers from South Asian countries spray insecticides without protective gear, which leads to insecticide exposure through dermal and nasal routes. Acetylcholinesterase plays a crucial role in controlling neuromuscular function. Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which leads to severe neuronal/cognitive dysfunction, breathing disorders, loss of endurance, and death. To address this issue, an Oxime-fabric is developed by covalently attaching silyl-pralidoxime to the cellulose of the fabric. The Oxime-fabric, when stitched as a bodysuit and facemask, efficiently deactivates insecticides (organophosphates and carbamates) upon contact, preventing exposure. The Oxime-fabric prevents insecticide-induced neuronal damage, neuro-muscular dysfunction, and loss of endurance. Furthermore, we observe a 100% survival rate in rats when repeatedly exposed to organophosphate-insecticide through the Oxime-fabric, while no survival is seen when organophosphate-insecticide applied directly or through normal fabric. The Oxime-fabric is washable and reusable for at least 50 cycles, providing an affordable solution to prevent insecticide-induced toxicity and lethality among farmers.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49167-3

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