SOD3 suppresses early cellular immune responses to parasite infection

Qilong Li, Kunying Lv, Ning Jiang, Tong Liu, Nan Hou, Liying Yu, Yixin Yang, Anni Feng, Yiwei Zhang, Ziwei Su, Xiaoyu Sang, Ying Feng, Ran Chen, Wenyue Xu, Liwang Cui, Yaming Cao and Qijun Chen ()
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Qilong Li: Shenyang Agricultural University
Kunying Lv: Shenyang Agricultural University
Ning Jiang: Shenyang Agricultural University
Tong Liu: Shenyang Agricultural University
Nan Hou: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College
Liying Yu: Shenyang Agricultural University
Yixin Yang: Shenyang Agricultural University
Anni Feng: Shenyang Agricultural University
Yiwei Zhang: Shenyang Agricultural University
Ziwei Su: Shenyang Agricultural University
Xiaoyu Sang: Shenyang Agricultural University
Ying Feng: Shenyang Agricultural University
Ran Chen: Shenyang Agricultural University
Wenyue Xu: Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University)
Liwang Cui: University of South Florida
Yaming Cao: China Medical University
Qijun Chen: Shenyang Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Host immune responses are tightly controlled by various immune factors during infection, and protozoan parasites also manipulate the immune system to evade surveillance, leading to an evolutionary arms race in host‒pathogen interactions; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We observed that the level of superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) was significantly elevated in both Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients and mice infected with four parasite species. SOD3-deficient mice had a substantially longer survival time and lower parasitemia than control mice after infection, whereas SOD3-overexpressing mice were much more vulnerable to parasite infection. We revealed that SOD3, secreted from activated neutrophils, bound to T cells, suppressed the interleukin-2 expression and concomitant interferon-gamma responses crucial for parasite clearance. Overall, our findings expose active fronts in the arms race between the parasites and host immune system and provide insights into the roles of SOD3 in shaping host innate immune responses to parasite infection.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49348-0

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