Consecutive multimaterial printing of biomimetic ionic hydrogel power sources with high flexibility and stretchability

Pei He, Junyu Yue, Zhennan Qiu, Zijie Meng, Jiankang He () and Dichen Li
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Pei He: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Junyu Yue: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zhennan Qiu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Zijie Meng: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jiankang He: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Dichen Li: Xi’an Jiaotong University

Nature Communications, 2024, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Electric eel is an excellent example to harness ion-concentration gradients for sustainable power generation. However, current strategies to create electric-eel-inspired power sources commonly involve manual stacking of multiple salinity-gradient power source units, resulting in low efficiency, unstable contact, and poor flexibility. Here we propose a consecutive multimaterial printing strategy to efficiently fabricate biomimetic ionic hydrogel power sources with a maximum stretchability of 137%. The consecutively-printed ionic hydrogel power source filaments showed seamless bonding interface and can maintain stable voltage outputs for 1000 stretching cycles at 100% strain. With arrayed multi-channel printhead, power sources with a maximum voltage of 208 V can be automatically printed and assembled in parallel within 30 min. The as-printed flexible power source filaments can be woven into a wristband to power a digital wristwatch. The presented strategy provides a tool to efficiently produce electric-eel-inspired ionic hydrogel power sources with great stretchability for various flexible power source applications.

Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49469-6

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